American Medical Certification Association (AMCA) Phlebotomy Practice Exam

What is the most effective method to prevent cross-contamination of microorganisms in a medical setting?

1. Wearing gloves at all times

2. Proper Hand Washing

3. Using hand sanitizer after every patient

4. Disposing of needles immediately

The correct answer is: Proper Hand Washing

The most effective method to prevent cross-contamination of microorganisms in a medical setting is proper hand washing. This practice is fundamental in infection control and is emphasized as a primary means to eliminate pathogens that may be present on healthcare workers' hands. Hand washing removes dirt, soil, and microorganisms, which greatly reduces the risk of transferring infections between patients and healthcare personnel. While wearing gloves, using hand sanitizer, and disposing of needles properly are all important aspects of infection prevention, they do not replace the need for thorough hand washing. Gloves can become contaminated, and hand sanitizers may not be effective against all types of microorganisms or when hands are visibly soiled. Proper hand hygiene encompasses both washing hands with soap and water and using alcohol-based hand sanitizers in appropriate situations, making it a comprehensive approach to minimizing cross-contamination.