American Medical Certification Association (AMCA) Phlebotomy Practice Exam

Which of the following is a potential complication of venipuncture?

1. Streaking

2. A hematoma

3. Phlebitis

4. None of the above

The correct answer is: A hematoma

A hematoma is a potential complication of venipuncture because it occurs when blood leaks out of the blood vessels and accumulates in the surrounding tissue. This can happen if the needle punctures through the vein wall or if there is inadequate pressure applied to the site after needle removal. Hematomas can cause swelling, discoloration, and discomfort at the puncture site, making it important for phlebotomists to be aware of this risk and to apply proper techniques to minimize its occurrence. While options like streaking and phlebitis may relate to other processes or conditions that can arise in medical practice, they are not direct complications stemming from the act of drawing blood via venipuncture in the same way a hematoma is. Streaking is often associated with issues during the blood sample collection or preparation, and phlebitis involves inflammation of the vein, which can develop later but is not an immediate complication of the venipuncture process.